What type of drug is alprazolam primarily classified as?

Alprazolam is primarily classified as a Schedule IV drug. This classification indicates that it has a lower potential for abuse compared to drugs in Schedules I, II, and III, which are associated with a higher risk of dependence and abuse. Schedule IV medications are generally accepted for medical use in the United States and are often prescribed for conditions such as anxiety and panic disorders, where alprazolam is frequently utilized.

The significance of the Schedule IV classification is tied to its effects on the central nervous system, where it acts as a benzodiazepine, producing calming effects. While it is controlled due to its potential for psychological dependence, it is considered less dangerous than many drugs in higher schedules, reflecting its established therapeutic value when used responsibly under medical supervision.